For
the investor looking for market details and explanations, this February Market
Update article is for you. Broad market
index and tech stock investors were in command throughout January, even as the
month ended with a Federal Reserve (Fed) meeting taming some potentially
over-enthusiastic March rate cut bulls.
With
the tech and major market index rally continuing its run since November, I
thought now would be a good time to inform you of the latest developments set
to impact Americans in the months ahead.
Major Stock Indexes
January
was good for long-term investors in U.S. stocks, especially in large tech with
AI exposure. If you haven’t heard of
Nvidia before, you will from now on. Market bulls (ie, investors expecting the
market to continue its run upward) were cheering the prospects of a more
accommodating Fed in 2024, with the rate decision and Fed statement happening
on the last day of the month.
For
the month of January, the S&P 500 added 1.59%, the Nasdaq
100 tacked on 1.82%, and the Dow
Jones Industrial Average rose by 1.22%.
Mixed/Slowing Inflation Signals
The
overall trend for inflation was mixed in January, even as Consumer Price Index
(CPI) data came in a bit hot.
CPI: The December Consumer Price Index showed a 0.3% monthly
increase in December and a 3.4% increase
versus one year ago. Estimates were for a 0.2% monthly gain in December and a
3.2% gain year-over-year. Shelter and services pricing remained sticky.
PPI: For December, the Producer Price Index report came in below
expectations, indicating mixed signals on the inflation front.
According
to the report, wholesale prices declined by 0.1% month-over-month in December,
lower than the expected gain of
0.1% estimated by Dow Jones economists.
PCE: According to the most recent Core Personal Consumption
Expenditures (PCE) release, the rate of price increases slowed down as 2023
came to a close.
The
Fed’s preferred inflation indicator showed that prices were higher by 0.2%
month-over-month in December and by 2.9%
year-over-year. Dow Jones economists had expected respective increases of 0.2%
and 3%. However, digging a little deeper and looking at the three and
six-month averages of Core PCE on an annualized basis, we see it running under
2% (note: the Fed’s Target is 2%). This
data, noted by former
Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve Lael Brainard and provided by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, has inflation watchers cheering the current market
environment.
Fed Put?
In
plain English, a “Fed put” means that the Fed is standing by to change policy
if needed, should the equity markets experience declines. At present, it feels like there are the makings of a Fed
put under the market. If storm clouds arise, the market is expecting the Fed to
“come to the rescue” with rate cuts in 2024 if needed. The market was expecting six rate cuts in 2024 before the
January Fed meeting, even though the economy has been performing well as of
late. This outlook is not the norm. Historically, rate cuts are seen in
struggling or downtrodden economies that need stimulation. The January Fed
meeting tempered expectations for a March rate cut, with probabilities
declining from 50% to 35.5% on
January 31. However, it is still early in this election year, so pay attention.
This
idea of a Fed put is a concept, not a guarantee, and seemed to be on the mind
of many market participants at the start of February, indicating that the
collective market mindset could be that any pullbacks may be short-lived.
Treasury Yields Steady in January
The
widely monitored 10-year Treasury note yield was close to unchanged for the
month of January, closing the month near 3.966% — about 10 basis points higher than December’s closing
level near 3.865%. This is the yield
most closely tied to the movement of mortgage rates, so it is watched
closely. January marks two consecutive
monthly closes below 4.00% in the 10-year yield. The steadiness in
rates is good news for sidelined prospective mortgage borrowers and great news
for long-term investors in U.S. equities.
Fed Rate Decision
The
last day of January gave us the first Fed meeting of 2024, as the Fed left
interest rates unchanged in line with market expectations. There were some changes to the Fed’s
statement, however, as Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell seemed to want to
tame the market’s excitement for a March rate cut. “I don’t think it’s likely that the committee
will reach a level of confidence by the time of the March meeting to cut
rates,” Powell said. The verbal
statement indicating that a March rate cut is not likely poured some water on
the fire of potentially overly enthusiastic stock market bulls as the major
averages pulled back during and after Powell’s commentary. Powell did
signal rate cuts at some point in 2024, however. “It will likely be
appropriate to begin dialing back policy restraint at some point this
year,” said Powell.
Pretty
vague, huh? Fed-speak is one of the hardest
languages to learn!
Consumer & Employment Strong
Consumer
health metrics remained strong during January, even as many analysts expect the
consumer to “tap out”. At the same time,
labor market data exceeded expectations for December, showing 216,000 jobs
created. Government jobs and
health-care-related fields led the way.
Starting
the month of February, the latest employment report blew away all expectations,
showing 353,000 jobs
created in January versus 185,000 estimates by Dow Jones. The labor market
continues to surprise to the upside, and the market reaction was an interesting
one.
January Labor Data Market Reaction
While
the massively better-than-expected January jobs data indicates a stronger
economy, it also shows that the economy may still be running hotter than the
Fed wants to see. This reinforces the logical probability that a March rate cut
could be off the table.
Major
U.S. stock indexes didn’t seem to mind, though, as they cheered the data by
trading to the upside on the day of. The jobs report was released the morning
after positive earnings results from Meta (Facebook), Microsoft, and Amazon.
So, perhaps this earnings effect outshined the March rate cut odds everyone
seemed to be so fixated upon just a day before.
The
probability for a March 25-basis-point cut was all over the place at the end of
January and beginning of February, resting at a 20% chance on February 1 after
sitting at a 46.2% chance on January 26th, according to the CME FedWatch Tool.
Is
the economy still too hot? What do the continuing and massive upside surprises
in the job market mean for inflation?
This is interesting data for short term speculation, but as you have heard
many times in the past, short term data is not very helpful in making long term
decisions with your investments. Pay
attention to these data points, if you find it interesting, but don’t let any of
it sway you from your financial planning course.